Effects of Technology :: Computers Society

Effects of Technology The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society, affects both work and leisure activities. Technology contains information that many would rather it did not have. It influences minds in good and bad ways, and it allows people to share information which they would otherwise not be able to attain. Even if a person does not own a computer or have credit cards, there is information on a computer somewhere about everyone. The technology which is just now beginning to be manipulated and harnessed is affecting the minds of small children and adolescents in ways that could be harmful. It is affecting our immediate future. It also gives another form of communication and exchange of information which was not available before, information that is both good and bad. Technology is one of the principal driving forces of the future; it is transforming our lives and shaping our future at rates unprecedented in history, with profound implications which we can't even begin to see or understand. Many different elements affect how satisfied we are with our lives. The impact of technology on these elements can change how safe, healthy and happy people feel. Throughout history, people have looked for better ways to meet their needs and to satisfy their expectations. Technology has improved the way people feed, clothe and shelter themselves. Technology has also changed other aspects of everyday life, such as health care, education, job satisfaction, and leisure time activities. People have used technology since they first chipped stone blades to improve their hunting. Yet some people call the current age the "Technological Age" because of society's dependence on technology. For the first time in human history, almost all the goods and services people use depend on technology. The products of technology are available to almost everyone in society. The economy of a country influences how the people of the county live. Technology is often considered the key to a nation's economic growth. Most economists would say that it is one of the factors in economic growth, but they would probably disagree about its importance. Many economists think that if technology sparks growth in one sector of the economy in the form of increased productivity, growth will also occur in other sectors of the economy. Jobs may be lost in one industry, such as agriculture but new jobs may emerge in other sectors of the economy.

Discuss the Marketing Environment Essay

The Marketing Environment consists of a complex set of interacting forces and influences outside the marketing department of an organization. The Marketing Environment affects the organization’s ability to build and maintain mutually beneficial relationships with its target customers. Through continuous monitoring its Marketing Environment a company must be able to anticipate change and act in a pro active way rather than leaving it to a reactive reaction. It must also keep up to date by realizing any effective changing forces. It does this by monitoring SWOT i.e. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Obviously wanting to maximize on Strengths and Opportunities and eliminate Weaknesses and Threats. Marketers must use marketing intelligence and market research when monitoring the Marketing Environment. The Marketing Environment can be divided into two main categories; the Micro and the Macro Environment. The Micro Environment This can also be divided. Internal Environment and Forces close to the organization. The Internal Environment. This consists of Top Management and Other departments. The Top management is responsible for setting the organizations overall mission, objectives, strategies and policies to guide all the organizations departments and employees. The success of the company is dependant on the competence of the Top managers. Other departments must co-ordinate their efforts as to maximize potential and avoid conflicts. The smoother the departments work together the better the overall outcome is going to be. All employees should realize the importance of being market-orientated and of delivering customer satisfaction. Forces close to the organization. This consists of Competitors, Marketing  Intermediaries, Suppliers of resources, Customers and Publics. Competitors: must offer superior value & satisfaction than their competitors and make it widely known throughout the target market. Companies must make an effort to attract their target customers and retain them by delivering customer satisfaction. These companies must watch their competitors closely as to retain their market share and maybe win some of the competitor’s market share. Marketing Intermediaries: These are firms that assist the company hiring them to promote, sell and distribute its products to target customers. Resellers will help find target customers or sell to them. Transportation firms help companies stock and transport goods. Agencies providing marketing services are marketing research agencies, advertising agencies, and marketing consulting firms. Financial intermediaries are organizations that will sell financial services to companies. Suppliers of resources: A company must be very careful as to watch for any changes (shortages, delays, labour strikes etc) as they are damaging to the companies sales and reputation. The organization is as efficient as its suppliers. Customers: Firstly a company must identify its target market. Then develop the right 4P’s to build long term customer relationships. An organizations target customers may be part of different markets. Consumer markets which are people who buy for personal use, these are called final consumers. Business Markets are companies that buy goods or services in order to use them for production in order to resell at a profit, these are called business customers. Government markets rent goods or services to carry out the main functions of the government. Institutional markets are schools & hospitals that provide goods or services to those in the organization. International markets are any of the customer markets but are situated overseas. Each market has its own particular features. Organizations must study the market/s to which they are selling to so as to understand its/their characteristics; including the way buying decisions are made. Publics: are groups that have an actual or potential interest in or on the companies ability to achieve its objectives. These publics include Media, Financial, Local, Internal, General, Citizen Action, or Government. The Macro Environment The Macro Environment can be considered as forces. These forces can be split into four categories: Demographic forces, Natural forces, Political forces and Social forces. Demographic Forces This is the study of the population. Demographic trends include Growing world population, Ageing population, Increasing Diversity, Changes in family structure, and a more Educated population. Growing world population: The number of needs increases as the population increases. These increased needs backed by purchasing power create market opportunities. These opportunities must be exploited. Ageing population: If the older segment of the population increases opportunities for companies that target this segment of the market. Likewise it creates threats companies that target a young market. These companies can react by offering a product suitable for an older market on top of their original product. Increasing diversity: The nationality and racial make up of the country/ies where they are selling their products should be considered. People’s wants are generally due to their nationality or race. Due to advancements in technology and transportation this has and is likely to continue increasing. Changes in family structure: Nowadays families have gotten smaller. This means that the usual budget for food etc is obviously going to get smaller i.e. with a higher standard of living an increase in purchases of various  products is probable. Women working have also increased so with money in their pocket a new segment of potential customers has been created. There is also a shift in husband and wife roles so now household products should also be aimed at husbands as well as wives. A more educated population: As a result of this the demand for quality products, book, formal clothing etc has increased. Natural Forces These are forces to do with natural resources. These forces can be split into four categories: Raw material shortage, Increased pollution, Increased government intervention and Environmentalism. Raw Material Shortage: Non renewable resources pose a serious threat. Companies face problems such as increasing costs and protests. Some day they’ll have to find substitute materials to use in production. Renewable resources also pose a problem if depletion rate supersedes its renewal rate. Companies using these resources face the same problems. Seemingly infinite resources are being destroyed due to pollution. Companies causing such harm face bad word of mouth and a bad reputation. Increased pollution: This poses a health as well as other threats to the general society. These industries must face bad word of mouth. Increased government intervention: This intervention in resource management varies across countries. Government laws and regulations must be monitored by companies as to not break laws and face consequences. Environmentalism: These cause pressure; sometimes so much that they actually damage a company’s reputation and influence government intervention. Now companies go beyond and develop a plan that is known as an environmentally sustainable strategy and develop ecologically safer products. Political Forces These are forces such as laws, government agencies and pressure groups. These forces vary with country and possibly time. There job is to protect organizations from each other, consumers from organizations and their deceptive practices etc, and society as a whole. Businesses are not only limited by laws and regulations but ethical and social codes are also considered. Most Businesses adopt the Societal Marketing Concept. Economic Forces These are forces that affect consumers’ spending ability and spending patterns. These are split into Changes in Average Income, Changes in Income Distribution, and Changing Consumer Spending Patterns. Changes in Average Income: means that a high average income level by means of a raise can lead to an increase in demand for quality products and a fall for cheaper, more inferior products. Obviously a fall in average income can lead to the opposite. Companies must therefore be very aware of the changing in incomes and adjust to the accordingly. Changes in Income Distribution: The segments are rich, middle income, and low income and people living on welfare. These segments sizes are likely to change over time. Once again the company must be monitoring this to spot changes to identify the trends in its target market/s. Companies can choose to offer two or more variations of their product in order to satisfy all parts of the Income Distribution chain ex. Books. Changing Consumer Spending Patterns: Patterns are changing every day. As income increases products such as food etc are spent on less than housing, transportation etc. This is what help businesses decide on whether to expand in the same line of products or find an alternative line. Cultural Forces Beliefs and values are divided into: core beliefs and values and beliefs  which are difficult to change, and secondary beliefs and values which are easier to change. A company must either find a way of adjusting its product to fit the core beliefs and values or try and change the secondary beliefs through marketing activities etc. These beliefs are mainly attributes of ones society. A person holds views on: 1. her/himself – people buy products that match their personalities. 2. other people – people want to interact with society, therefore there is a demand for  products that improve their relationships with others ex. Clubs etc. 3. various institutions – a positive attitude towards an institution means that people will trust this institution. Companies do this buy adopting the Societal Marketing Concept. 4. his/her society – people prefer buying products made in their own company. 5. the natural environment – if people feel close to nature a demand in products such as health food will increase. i.e. if the company harms the environment this will reflect badly. 6. the universe and spirituality – if religious convictions and practice falls, materialism  takes over. If it doesn’t fall companies promote their products with a spiritual theme. Any organization needs to research such views and adjust each of the 4P’s accordingly. Technological Forces A new technology implies new market opportunities for some organizations and threats for others. Companies once realizing this must keep up to date in order for technology to help them become more efficient, thus making them more successful.

The Old Chief Mshlanga By Doris Lessing - 1706 Words

Although some nations believed in the eventual possibility of Africans assimilating into their culture and society, such as France and their idea of Africans becoming â€Å"Black Frenchmen†, colonial Africa was largely a hotbed for discriminatory attitudes and actions against black Africans. The racist practices of European colonists and imperial European countries became part of everyday life for both Europeans in Africa and the native Africans themselves, so much so that these prejudicial positions were relayed through both African and European literature. In the short stories Crackling Day by Peter Abrahams and The Old Chief Mshlanga by Doris Lessing, the young characters are taught racism and prejudice through social interaction which†¦show more content†¦Further, in Crackling Day, another example of the narrator, who is a child, being taught the principles of racism and prejudice is from when the white man and his boys arrive at the home of the narrator and his u ncle and aunt, and the white man enters unannounced and forces Uncle Sam to beat the narrator for beating his son in a fair and provoked fight. After being commanded by the white man referred to as Baas, the narrator relays that â€Å"Uncle Sam went into the other room and returned with a thick leather thong†¦ Bitterly, Uncle Sam said ‘You must never lift your hand to a white person†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He lifted the strap and brought it down on my back.† (6). In Crackling Day, the narrator does not expect to be disciplined for what he sees as defending himself against a bully. He does not understand the repercussions of his actions and thereby seeing his uncle conform to the Baas’ wishes after barging into their home is a foreign concept, but a byproduct of systematic discrimination nonetheless from which the narrator learns the extent of racism in Africa. Examples such as the aforementioned do not just exist in Crackling Day though, but do so in the short story The Old Chief Mshlanga by Doris Lessing too. The narrator, a white girl living on her family’s farm, learns racism and discrimination from atop the social hierarchyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Rosa Parks, An African American Activist For Racial Equality1342 Words   |  6 Pagesthe unfair oppression of the Africans as well. The children of the stories â€Å"Crackling Dawn†, by Peter Abrahams, and â€Å"The Chief of Mshlanga†, by Doris Lessing, are taught racism early on their lives, which impacts their views of black people. The white boys of â€Å"Crackling Day† learn the accepted practice of treating blacks as inferiors. The protagonist of â€Å"The Old Chief Mshlanga† learns racism from her elders and through the practice of tormenting the Africans in her society. The transfer of culturalRead MoreAnalysis Of Geoffrey Chaucer s Canterbury Tales Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagescorporation. This is what Chaucer is pointing to within the Pardone r’s tale. The Church was completely taking advantage of the general public’s trust in their faith, all to make a profit. A betrayal of trust can also be seen within Doris Lessing’s The Old Chief Mshlanga. In this short story, the natives of Africa trusted their land to be shared with the colonists from an invading country. The tribe that resided near the settler’s homestead never had any issues with the settler’s owning the land, despiteRead MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus The King Is The Concept Of Predestination2036 Words   |  9 Pagescan be seen by Hernan Cortes who conquered the Aztec Empire, â€Å"The immediate consequence of the fall of Tenochtitlan was the dismantling of the Aztec Empire, which had stretched from the Gulf Coast to the Pacific,† (1902). Some explorers blended their Old-World culture with the New World instead of conquering them, â€Å"In Aztec territory Spaniards, especially members of the clergy, learned Nahuatl, while native people became proficient in Spanish,† (1904). With this new language learn many authors would

Morgan Laplante . Mrs. Rhodes . Pre-Ap English 10 . 13

Morgan Laplante Mrs. Rhodes Pre-AP English 10 13 February 2016 Happiness Is Not This A person’s happiness is completely different than that of the person next to them. In Fahrenheit 451, the society is given the idea that happiness is found in the fast life. Students crash cars, crack windows, and drive recklessly for fun. Schooling in this society is not even in the realm of learning. Instead, it is filled with sports, electronics, and everything but an education. Death is a quick cremation instead of a proper funeral and mourning. Adults not only have poor relationships with their spouses, but also their children. Despite all these things, to the people of the Fahrenheit 451 society, the weak human connections and speedy existence†¦show more content†¦Montag’s change of view in what happiness is, was replicated by Ted in the Lorax and perfectly represented by Furtado’s piece of art; happiness is not always what society says it is. Throughout the story of Fahrenheit 451 Guy Montag goes from being carefree about his current living situation to realizing that, there may be something more to life. Though meeting Clarissa throws Montag through the finish line, his journey away from society began long before Clarissa. She pushed him out of the darkness and into the light. His eyes were thrust open from her asking of one simple question; â€Å"Are you happy?† (Bradbury, Page 14). The question rocked Montag’s world. Montag says, â€Å"â€Å"Happy! Of all the nonsense.† He stopped laughing†¦ Of course I’m happy. What does she think? I’m not?† (Bradbury, Page 14). The society’s ways of living in the fast lane were happiness to him, until he discovered what lived within the books. In the beginning of the book, Montag was content burning the books, living in the fast lane, not having a full relationship with his wife. He was fine with living like everyone else in his society and turning a blind eye to occurrences that did not fit into the societyâ₠¬â„¢s ideas of happiness. As Montag began to read the books he stole, his eyes were opened to an entire new world. He begins to wonder about others and their feelings, and asks strange questions. When he asks his wife, Mildred, where they met, she has no problem withShow MoreRelatedManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesHessa Albader Cover Art: Fotolia Media Editor: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Leghigh-Phoenex Color Text Font: 10/12, Times Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within the text. Microsoft ® and Windows ® are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation in the

The Brazilian Federal Data Processing Services - 1077 Words

The Brazilian Federal Data Processing Services is experience at least two types of the ethical problem. First, the NSA is acting contrary to international standards relations. It is ethically wrong for the government agency to spy on another government’s data or information. Although American security agencies have been accused of spying on the security information of other countries, their actions are illegal and will create a poor inter country relationship (Constantin, 2014). From this case, even the Brazilian president, Rousseff, protested to NSA activities and has predicted a poor online relation with the U.S. The second element describing a business ethical problem in this case is the fact that the software handling the government†¦show more content†¦This agency should not enter another country’s databases just because they are capable of doing so. America is good in developing regulations for local and international relations but very poor in practicin g. For example, private information sharing within the government agencies is regulated by privacy rules but this happens in theory while practically these agencies access and share private information illegally. NSA behavior has even caused some negative relationship between Brazil and American to the extent that Brazil is worried about the internet legislations the U.S. might impose that will affect its citizen’s internet access from U.S. websites. Brazil hired the services of the Internet Security Systems, Inc (ISS) to develop its Federal Enterprise Architecture. Since 1999, ISS has been managing Brazilian Federal Data Processing Services (Sepro) and providing with the basic infrastructure to handle billions of the countries transactions (PR Newswire, 2004). ISS is an American Internet Data handling company. This company is responsible for U.S. Federal Architecture Framework. Therefore, it could just be using the same system on the Brazil government such that the SEPRO architecture is similar to what Americans use. With similar systems but located in different countries, America could have an advantage to Brazil because it is using the same system it knows better (PR Newswire, 2004). ISS could have only

Economic Order Quantity and Significant Predictor. Free Essays

1. Stock prices over a period of fifty (50) years would most likely exhibit no cyclical component. a. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Order Quantity and Significant Predictor. or any similar topic only for you Order Now True b. False 2. On the plot labeled â€Å"a†, which of the following is correct? a. There is a trend present. b. There is a linear relationship. c. There is an obvious outlier. d. There is a negative relationship. 3. On the plot labeled â€Å"b†, there is an outlier present. a. True b. False 4. On the plot labeled â€Å"c†, which of the following models is most appropriate? a. single-parameter exponential smoothing b. regression c. regression with seasonality (classical time-series) . none of the above are appropriate 5. In a simple linear regression, we are using monthly advertising expenditures (in $000) to predict monthly profits (in $000). If the least squares equation is y = 21. 5 – . 1x and the coefficient of determination is . 49, the correlation coefficient = ______. a. 0. 70 b. -0. 70 c. unable to be determined from the data. 6. In a simple linear regression, we are using monthly advertising expenditures (in $000) to predict monthly profits (in $000). If the least squares equation is y = 21. 5 – . x and the coefficient of determination is . 49. The predicted profit = __________ when advertising expenses are $0. a. 21. 5 b. -0. 1 c. $21,500 d. none of the above. 7. If the correlation coefficient is zero, there is no relationship between x and y. a. True b. False 8. Kelvin Shoe Stores carries a basic black dress shoe for men that sells at a rate of 500 each quarter. Their current policy is to order 500 per quarter, with a fixed cost of $30/order. The annual holding cost is 20% of the cost of items held. The following cost structure is applicable: Order Quantity |Price/pair | |0-99 |$36 | |100-199 |32 | |200-299 |30 | |300+ |28 | For a price of $36, the optimal order quantity is a. 129 b. infeasible for this cost structure. c. neither of the above. d. both a and b. 9. Kelvin Shoe Stores carries a basic black dress shoe for men that sells at a rate of 500 each quarter. Their current policy is to order 500 per quarter, with a fixed cost of $30/order. The annual holding cost is 20% of the cost of items held. The following cost structure is applicable: |Order Quantity |Price/pair | |0-99 |$36 | |100-199 |32 | |200-299 |30 | |300+ |28 | The optimal order quantity is a. 129 b. 141 c. 146 d. 300 10. Foster Inc. arries special holiday items, including Happy Angels (HAs). During the season, the demand for HAs is approximately normally distributed, with a mean of 320 and a standard deviation of 30. It costs Foster $5. 00 for each HA unless he orders at least 400, at which the price drops to $4. 50/HA. The HAs’ retail price is $10. Unsold items will be given to a local hospital, with a disposal cost of $0. 05/HA. Mr. Foster estimates that the goodwill cost of each item short is close to $0. 25. a. This is a single-period inventory problem. b. This is an EOQ problem. c. This is a periodic-review problem. d. None of the above 11. Foster Inc. carries special holiday items, including Happy Angels (HAs). During the season, the demand for HAs is approximately normally distributed, with a mean of 320 and a standard deviation of 30. It costs Foster $5. 00 for each HA unless he orders at least 400, at which the price drops to $4. 50/HA. The HAs’ retail price is $10. Unsold items will be given to a local hospital, with a disposal cost of $0. 05/HA. Mr. Foster estimates that the goodwill cost of each item short is close to $0. 25. A Christmas-tree model is appropriate. a. True b. False 12. A regular EOQ model is appropriate when demand is seasonal. a. True . False 13. See the attached â€Å"Regression Data I†. We are using the number of radios, TVs, and DVD players stocked to predict the profit, revenue, and cost for future periods. First, run a model to predict the profit. Select all which apply. a. Radios is a significant predictor. b. TVs is a significant predictor. c. DVDs is a significant predictor. d. The overall model is significant. e. The intercept is positive. f. Severe multicollinearity is present. 14. See the attached â€Å"Regression Data I†. We are using the number of radios, TVs, and DVD players stocked to predict the profit, revenue, and cost for future periods. Next, run a model to predict the cost. Select all which apply. a. Radios is a significant predictor. b. TVs is a significant predictor. c. DVDs is a significant predictor. d. The overall model is significant. e. The intercept is positive. f. Severe multicollinearity is present. 15. See the attached â€Å"Regression Data I†. We are using the number of radios, TVs, and DVD players stocked to predict the profit, revenue, and cost for future periods. Based on the output, which of the following recommendations would be most appropriate? a. We should stock more radios. b. We should stock fewer TVs. c. We should increase floor space, since it is probably constraining our sales ability. d. We should consider the time period. 16. What is the best answer given this information? (3) | |Model 1 |Model 2 |Model 3 | |X-variables |6 |4 |3 | |R2 |. 9344 |. 8857 |. 761 | |Adjusted R2 |. 9058 |. 8372 |. 8497 | |MSE |5667. 53 |6044. 05 |5844. 78 | a. Model 1 performs the best in all areas. b. Model 2 performs better than Model 3. c. We would most likely prefer Model 1. d. We would most likely prefer Model 2. e. We would most likely prefer Model 3. 17. The table below features three forecasting models used on the same set of data. Select all that apply. |Model 1 |Model 2 |Model 3 | |Type |Single-parameter Exponential |2-parameter Exponential smoothing |3-parameter Exponential smoothing| | |smoothing | | | |MSE |8755. 3 |4876. 2 |5945. 8 | a. There is likely a strong seasonal component present. b. There is likely a trend present. c. There is no random component pres ent. d. There is a cyclical component present. e. A different smoothing constant could affect the MSE for Model 1. 18. If we increase the order (setup) cost, the order quantity will _____________ if we hold all other costs constant. a. increase b. decrease c. remain the same as long as there is no shortage cost d. become unstable 19. If demand is normally distributed, a. a basic EOQ is appropriate. b. a single-period model could not be appropriate. c. we should produce to fill demand, rather than filling it through orders. d. none of the above would be true. 20. Which of the following methods may be used to determine future order quantities? . forecasting b. regression c. inventory models d. all of the above 21. Refer to the inventory output for Betsy’s Blue Bonnet Bakery. Here, Betsy is trying to determine the optimal order policy for birthday kits. What is the safety stock? 114____________ 22. Refer to #21. What is Betsy’s service level if she uses this policy? 87%___________ _____ 23. Refer to #21. If Betsy changes to a lost sales model, the order quantity would be expected to increase. a. True b. False c. It depends on the cost associated with a lost sale. 24. Refer to the forecasting output for Betsy’s. This model is appropriate for the type of data. . True b. False 25. Refer to #24. Look at the forecast errors. Which of the following best describes the situation? a. The errors are indicative of what we like to see. b. The errors are randomly distributed. c. The errors are indicative of a problem with the model. d. The errors are indicative of a poor choice of ?. 26. Refer to #24. What recommendation would you make? a. We should use the model as is. b. We should alter model parameters to improve the fit? c. We should use the model, but use extreme caution in doing so. d. We should eliminate some time periods for forecasting. Regression Data I Profit | | | | | |Revenue | | | | | |Radios | | | | | |TVs | | | | | |DVDs | | | | | | | | | | | |Qu arter | | | | | |Errors | | | | | | | | | | | |6318. 96 | | | | | |8395. 1 | | | | | |36 | | | | | |65 | | | | | |48 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |4721. 57 | | | | | |6300. 28 | | | | | |26 | | | | | |48 | | | | |39 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |5049. 16 | | | | | |6747. 5 | | | | | |33 | | | | | |51 | | | | | |40 | | | | | | | | | | | |2000 – 3 | | | | | |32 | | | | | | | | | | | |5249. 44 | | | | | |7028. 6 | | | | | |29 | | | | | |53 | | | | | |45 | | | | | | | | | | | |4 | | | | | |46 | | | | | | | | | | | |5290. 08 | | | | | |7116. 1 | | | | | |32 | | | | | |52 | | | | | |49 | | | | | | | | | | | |2001 – 1 | | | | | |19 | | | | | | | | | | | |5924. 41 | | | | | |7951. 0 | | | | | |41 | | | | | |58 | | | | | |52 | | | | | | | | | | | |2 | | | | | |23 | | | | | | | | | | | |5251. 97 | | | | | |7031. 09 | | | | | |36 | | | | |52 | | | | | |44 | | | | | | | | | | | |3 | | | | | |34 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4805. 72 | | | | | |6462. 8 | | | | | |31 | | | | | |47 | | | | | |44 | | | | | | | | | | | |4 | | | | | |49 | | | | | | | | | | | |5278. 60 | | | | | |7162. 2 | | | | | |46 | | | | | |49 | | | | | |51 | | | | | | | | | | | |2002 – 1 | | | | | |22 | | | | | | | | | | | |5301. 77 | | | | | |7136. 5 | | | | | |43 | | | | | |51 | | | | | |46 | | | | | | | | | | | |2 | | | | | |20 | | | | | | | | | | | |6121. 98 | | | | | |8249. 4 | | | | | |45 | | | | | |59 | | | | | |56 | | | | | | | | | | | |3 | | | | | |31 | | | | | | | | | | | |5416. 63 | | | | | |7244. 79 | | | | | |29 | | | | |55 | | | | | |46 | | | | | | | | | | | |4 | | | | | |51 | | | | | | | | | | | |6552. 89 | | | | | |8718. 1 | | | | | |43 | | | | | |67 | | | | | |48 | | | | | | | | | | | |2003 – 1 | | | | | |16 | | | | | | | | | | | |6352. 93 | | | | | |8494. 2 | | | | | |46 | | | | | |63 | | | | | |51 | | | | | | | | | | | |2 | | | | | |26 | | | | | | | | | | | |6693. 01 | | | | | |8881. 5 | | | | | |55 | | | | | |68 | | | | | |43 | | | | | | | | | | | |3 | | | | | |37 | | | | | | | | | | | |5761. 97 | | | | | |7669. 0 | | | | | |48 | | | | | |58 | | | | | |39 | | | | | | | | | | | |4 | | | | | |48 | | | | | | | | | | | |5419. 50 | | | | | |7265. 38 | | | | |33 | | | | | |54 | | | | | |47 | | | | | | | | | | | |2004 -1 | | | | | |22 | | | | | | | | | | | |5474. 64 | | | | | |7302. 7 | | | | | |35 | | | | | |55 | | | | | |44 | | | | | | | | | | | |2 | | | | | |24 | | | | | | | | | | | |4650. 87 | | | | | |6335. 9 | | | | | |41 | | | | | |42 | | | | | |49 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |4781. 91 | | | | | |6438. 3 | | | | | |48 | | | | | |45 | | | | | |39 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | MULTI-PERIOD EOQ MODEL (Backordering) – NORMAL LEAD-TIME DEMAND | | | | | | | | | | |PROBLEM: |Betsy’s Blue Bonnet Bakery | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Parameter Values: | | | | | | | |Mean of Demand Distribution: mu = | | | | | |1,000 | | | |Stand. Deviation of Demand Distribution: sigma = | | | | |100 | | | |Fixed Cost per Order: k = | | | | | | | |5,000 | | | |Annual Demand Rate: A = | | | | | | | |52,000 | | | |Unit Cost of Procuring an Item: c| |42. 00 | | | |= | | | | | |Annual Holding Cost per Dollar Value: h = |0. 20 | | | |Shortage Cost per Unit: pS = | |10. 0 | | | | | | | | | | |Optimal Values: | | | | | | | |Optimal Order Quantity: Q* = | 7,919 | | | | |Optimal Reorder Point: r* = | 1,114 | | | | |Expected Demand: mu = | 1,000 | | | | |Total Expected Cost: TEC(Q*) = | $ 67,471. 4 | | | | |Expected Shortages: B(r*) = |6. 47 | | | | |Probability of Shortage: P[D;r*] |0. 13 | | | | |= | | | |Betsy’s Blue Bonnet Bakery | | | | | | |? = |0. 3 |? = |0. 5 |? = |0. | | | | | | | | | | | |   |   |Actual |Trend |Slope |Seasonal |Forecast |Error | |Quarter |t |Sales, Yt |Tt |bt |St |Ft | | |2003 W |1 | 36,500 |   |   |   |   | | |1988 S |2 | 43,750 | 36,500. 00 | 7,250. 00 |1. 20 |   | | |1988 S |3 | 59,920 | 48,601. 00 | 9,675. 50 |1. 23 |   | | |1988 F |4 | 87,440 | 67,025. 55 | 14,050. 03 |1. 0 |   | | |2004 W |5 | 102,240 | 87,424. 90 | 17,224. 69 |1. 17 |   | | |1988 S |6 | 123,420 | 104,144. 98 | 16,972. 38 |1. 19 | 125,436. 15 | (2,016. 15) | |1988 S |7 | 139,610 | 118,753. 37 | 15,790. 39 |1. 19 | 149,325. 16 | (9,715. 16) | |1988 F |8 | 135,380 | 125,312. 56 | 11,174. 79 |1. 13 | 175,522. 72 | (40,142. 72) | |2005 W |9 | 129,470 | 128,753. 89 | 7,308. 06 |1. 04 | 159,616. 61 | (30,146. 1) | |1988 S |10 | 137,570 | 129,989. 43 | 4,271. 80 |1. 08 | 161,612. 88 | (24,042. 88) | |1988 S |11 | 156,630 | 133,566. 44 | 3,924. 41 |1. 18 | 159,379. 23 | (2,749. 23) | |1988 F |12 | 150,980 | 136,498. 26 | 3,428. 11 |1. 11 | 154,702. 82 | (3,722. 82) | |2006 W |13 | 143,340 | 139,362. 57 | 3,146. 21 |1. 03 | 145,291. 38 | (1,951. 38) | |1988 S |14 | 153,360 | 142,190. 68 | 2,987. 16 |1. 08 | 154,509. 63 | (1,149. 3) | |1988 S |15 | 169,730 | 144,939. 3 0 | 2,867. 89 |1. 17 | 170,664. 76 | (934. 76) | |1988 F |16 | 161,990 | 147,249. 54 | 2,589. 07 |1. 10 | 164,053. 12 | (2,063. 12) | |2007 W |17 | 154,760 | 149,940. 86 | 2,640. 19 |1. 03 | 154,408. 75 |351. 25 | |1988 S |18 | 164,780 | 152,592. 38 | 2,645. 85 |1. 08 | 164,739. 26 |40. 74 | |1988 S |19 | 186,730 | 156,466. 79 | 3,260. 13 |1. 19 | 181,930. 65 | 4,799. 5 | |1988 F |20 | 177,880 | 160,230. 59 | 3,511. 97 |1. 11 | 176,029. 75 | 1,850. 25 | |2008 W |21 | 170,360 | 164,152. 06 | 3,716. 72 |1. 04 | 168,951. 59 | 1,408. 41 | |1988 S |22 | 178,830 | 167,190. 82 | 3,377. 74 |1. 07 | 181,270. 26 | (2,440. 26) | |1988 S |23 | 195,550 | 168,732. 72 | 2,459. 82 |1. 16 | 202,826. 81 | (7,276. 81) | |1988 F |24 | 187,220 | 170,501. 72 | 2,114. 41 |1. 10 | 189,772. 64 | (2,552. 4) | |2009 W |25 | 163,230 | 168,070. 53 | (158. 39) |0. 98 | 178,936. 82 | (15,706. 82) | |1988 S |26 | 162,890 | 163,137. 87 | (2,545. 53) |1. 01 | 179,944. 64 | (17,054. 64) | |1988 S |27 | 174,540 | 157, 361. 67 | (4,160. 86) |1. 12 | 187,085. 45 | (12,545. 45) | |1988 F |28 | 163,130 | 151,724. 53 | (4,899. 00) |1. 08 | 168,543. 79 | (5,413. 79) | |2010 W |29 | |   | |   | 144,517. 6 | | |1988 S |30 | |   | |   | 143,788. 09 | | |1988 S |31 | |   | |   | 153,515. 48 | | |1988 F |32 |   |   |   |   | 142,720. 95 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |MSE = |175,943,211 | | | | How to cite Economic Order Quantity and Significant Predictor., Essay examples

Nursing Case Study Management

Question: Identify a situation when you had to be assertive in clinical practice and critically reflective upon this experience. You have to apply a reflective model to aid the critical reflection, we recommend Rolfe et al (2001), but whichever one you choose, remember that it is a framework nly. Answer: Case Scenario A massive road accident had take place in Lakewood Boulevard between two buses which is very near to our nursing home. As a result our Nursing Home campus was fully jammed by the ambulances and there was a pathetic scene where so many injured people were present. I immediately went to the changing room and soon appeared for my duty. As the number of beds of emergency unit of our nursing home is not sufficient to admit all the patients who had heavily injured in the road accident. It soon became very much difficult to combat this situation as the patients were crying and the relatives of the injured patients become uncontrollable as they want to see their relatives ok. So here I just want to discuss the importance of being assertive in nature to combat this horrible situation. Framework Model what? The situation is not under our control and it became bad to worse as the injured people were coming continuously by ambulance and there were so many number of patients relatives there to check there loved ones are ok or not(Rolfe et al. 2001). So what is my role in this situation is that, I went to the patients relatives who were present there and try to talk to them and try to make their calm as they are very much shouting and were aggressive in nature (Berman Snyder, 2012). I tried to convince them to gather in a place where we hang the admitted patients name and also about their present condition (Dinh, et al 2012). I had also told them that the nursing home authority will immediately supply more beds to admit more patients who were badly injured in the accident. On the other hand my duty was to inform the nursing home authority about the actual scenario of the incident and the present condition of the nursing home. So that they could attempt any prompt action. I had told the authority about the emergency and they had soon take the action to supply more beds as per requirements. When I told the relatives and the health workers about the news, they felt somewhat relaxed. But the nursing home authority was not able to fulfil patients requirement on time i.e. it takes a lot of time for supplying the emergency beds. So I, as a responsible nursing student suggested our head to suggest the authority to at least call the neighbour nursing home to send their emergency stuffs and doctors, to get rid of this emergency condition (Rolfe et al. 2001). So what? So I felt very much pressure for this condition and I could see the health workers became very much angry on them as they were continuously shouting and became very much restless. Even I also felt anger on them. But for me the most important thing was then, the patients, who were severely injured by the accident. As a nurse my first duty is towards my patients, and as I have been taught that I have always to be assertive in my working area (Dugan, 2012) I had not to be passive or aggressive in this freaking condition as this is my duty. Actually I have been taught that I have to be decisive in this type of emergencies. Heres what I had meant to be assertive I gave my opinion for the situation to the health workers working there and to the relatives present there. I ask for what they want or need. I also listened others opinion too. If I dont want their decisions I disagree it respectfully. I offered my ideas to the working team. I said no without feeling guilty to them. Management actually was not able to give their best as they did not have the emergency supply and it also took a lot of time. The authority on the basis of my suggestion called the neighbour nursing home for their emergency stuffs and doctors and all kind of medicines. And they had appeared to our nursing home as soon as possible and helped us to overcome this freaking condition. So tasks were distributed on individual basis (Perry, Potter Elkin, 2012). I with some other nurse started to first aid the patients who were mildly injured. Persons who did not show any pulses, CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation) and EAR (External Air Resuscitation) had been done on them (Failner, 2011). Persons who cant breathe making them to breathe by clearing their airway (Gooding Furlong, 2002). The other health workers help the severely injured patients to be admitted to the OT (Helmstadter Godden, 2011). In the OT, there were also some nurses to help the doctors (Karch, 2010). At last but not the least some health workers were able to make the patients name list along with their present condition. And soon there was a list of patients who were admitted to the nursing home. Thank God the relatives of patients became calm as soon as they have found their patients name in the list and under the good condition. Healthy and mutual satisfaction of needs in any relationship (that can be between doctors and patients) can only occur between assertive peoples. Assertiveness is an excellent skill for both managing relationships with others and managing relationship with yourself. So here I come, if I had not keep assertiveness at that moment when every relative of patients become restless and uncontrollable and behaving very rude then everything would be unmanageable and going to mess all the thing. But being calm, positive, assertive, confident, decisive, and determined I and my partners, means my co-workers ( everybody including other staff nurse, ward boy, doctors, student nurses and the stuffs of neighbouring nursing home) we came to our success and beat all the difficulties and problems arouses then. Now what? Ultimately our group of health worker achieved a successful result. Actually no patients were dead as all health workers cooperate with each other and made it fruitful. A special mention about to be assertive in nature, as it helps us to understand about the actual need of the condition and how to overcome it. If we did not calm us down then this went to be very worse condition to handle. The nursing home authority apologized to the relatives and made sure them that would never happen as they would soon acquire more emergency beds in their nursing home. As a nurse I felt happy as no patients were dead. And as a human being I have learnt that to be assertive everyone should understand that everyone has a basic requirements and rights and everybody should respect that. Responding passively or aggressively can actually ignore such requirements. More particularly when behaving aggressively the rights are actually abused. On the other hand when it comes to the culture and different human it may vary, as it vary from person to person and culture to culture. Being assertive does not mean that I will get everything in life, which I want to get but assertive people allows other people to wish what they want in life. As in this case I tried to help the patients relatives as well as fulfil my duty as a nurse, and make patients felt relief. But for future perspective and for improvement in future we need special trained health workers with assertive nature to combat this type of situation (Dinh et al, 2012). For a general nursing student it is really very tough to manage all this pressure. But being an assertive natured and trained nurse who has knowledge about this type of situation and how to overcome it and also for assertive nature can actually manage the situation. What Ive learnt from this situation is that Ive to be assertive in any freaking condition. Which can actually help me to overcome the situation. If I or the other health workers could not be assertive then we actually could not overcame the situation. But working together and having faith on each other and being assertive in nature we actually won this horrible condition. I had learned from this incident about the time management in this horrible condition when not only patients but also their relatives become your concern. And actually learned a very good lesson in life, that even in real life we face this type of situation where we lose our temper under some freaking condition which actually make us unhappy, angry, out of control, and even we cant get the solution of our problem (Powers and Knapp, 2012). Being not assertive in nature, people can undergo depression and as we all know that depression can actually make us lose our confidence and self worth (Lindsay, 2002). People not being assertive can actually become very irritable on people around them. So this incident had taught me that if we can be assertive in nature we can actually combat any typical situation in our life. Reference List Bergs, J., Gillet, J. (2012). Comment on a Under-triage as a Significant Factor Affecting Transfer Time between the Emergency Department and the Intensive Care Unit . Journal Of Emergency Nursing, 38(4), 320-321. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2011.09.022 Berman, A., Snyder, S. (2012). Skills in clinical nursing. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson. Dinh, M., Walker, A., Parameswaran, A., Enright, N. (2012). Evaluating the quality of care delivered by an emergency department fast track unit with both nurse practitioners and doctors. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal, 15(4), 188-194. doi:10.1016/j.aenj.2012.09.001 Dugan, D. (2012). Nursing assisting : a foundation in caregiving. Albuquerque, NM: Hartman Pub. Inc. Failner, B. (2011). Nursing 2011 and Beyond. Orthopaedic Nursing, 30(1), 1-2. doi:10.1097/nor.0b013e31820b9e37 Gooding, M., Furlong, W. (2002). Artists, land, nature. New York: Harry N. Abrams. Helmstadter, C., Godden, J. (2011). Nursing before Nightingale, 1815-1899. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub. Karch, A. (2010). 2011 Lippincott's nursing drug guide. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Lindsay, C. (2002). Being assertive. BMJ, 324(7331), 27S-27. doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7331.27s Mason, T., Mason-Whitehead, E. (2003). Thinking nursing. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Mathesius, U., Keijzers, G., Natera, S. H., Weinman, J. J., Djordjevic, M. A., Rolfe, B. G. (2001). Establishment of a root proteome reference map for the model legume Medicago truncatula using the expressed sequence tag database for peptide mass fingerprinting.Proteomics,1(11), 1424-1440 Perry, A., Potter, P., Elkin, M. (2012). Nursing interventions clinical skills. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby. Powers, B., Knapp, T. (2011). Dictionary of nursing theory and research. New York: Springer Pub. Co. Sorrentino, S., Remmert, L. (2012). Mosby's textbook for nursing assistants. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier/Mosby. Vincent, J. (2012). Annual update in intensive care and emergency medicine 2012. Berlin: Springer.