His Spirit is Soaring Free :: Personal Narrative, Personal Essay

The glacial, steel bars of the headboard pressed painfully into my back, and I could no longer feel my legs. Yet I sat motionless, his head heavy on my collarbone, afraid the slightest movement would disturb him. I softly kissed the thin wisps of hair on top of his head as I cradled his frail, emaciated body. Every twenty-four hours spent with him was precious he would soon be gone. In those silent pre-dawn hours, the harsh lighting and sterile hospital smell faded away as my mind wandered unrestrained, exploring unknown areas and probing into ideas which challenged my Southern upbringing, and returned with new knowledge which was to forever change my life. Woo, as everyone knew him, loved God, family and the outdoors. He was always daring, climbing to the highest branches of some(prenominal) tree. When he was five years old, he grabbed the manes of our untamed horses to hoist himself onto their backs for wild, frenzied rides. At the age of nine he began a love affair which was to choke his entire lifehe earned to hunt. His truck roaring into the driveway invariably disrupted the entire household. The children jockeyed for position as they ran to the door laughing and screaming. They knew he would have Tootsie Rolls and Hershey Kisses in his pockets. As soon as his tall, lanky frame filled the doorway, strawberry blonde ringlets bouncing past his shoulders, they wrapped their little blazon around his legs, forcing him to drag them into the room with him. He was always willing to play their favorite games, no matter how tired he was. One wanted to grappling iron his long, tapered fingers would dance across the childs ribs eliciting delighted squeals. Another wanted to play Chin Music. Woos beard tickled as he blew raspberries on their cheeks and necks. Many mornings at forenoon he stopped by for a cup of coffee and quiet conversation. He gestured animatedly when he talked sparkling azure eyes belied the seriousness of any situation. Hung across his shoulder was the tattered, brown hunting pouch he refused to part with, his curls escaping the orange knit cap he always wore hunting. On those mornings he smelled of crisp, cold air and wild game. The morphine cocktails he was given on demand had stilled his work-callused hands and dulled his eyes.

The Use Of Pencils As Weapons :: essays research papers fc

Violence in our nurtures has always been a problem, now more than ever before. from each whizz year many students are injured and some are even devoured during so-called develop-yard brawls. In fact, more than 1,000 students are seriously injured per year during school vehemence in California alone. (http//www.geocities.com/area51/stats/7403.html) In most cases of serious injury, weapons were involved, including common school supplies such as pencils and pens. Historically, the school systems response to possession of weapons on campus has been at the very least confiscation of said weapons and suspension of the possessor, more commonly expulsion of the possessor and occasionally the bringing of criminal charges to bear. The use of weapons to do violence has had much the same results. In some schools, the students pass through a metal detector and/or are searched for weapons upon a regular basis. (Ch. 4 tidings at 600), However, when the weapons being utilise are common scho ol supplies, what can one do? The number of students injured by their classmates with common school supplies such as pencils and pens are on the rise. A student carrying a gun or a knife is often busted before having an chance to use said weapon, one with a pencil on the other hand, they run free until they seriously injure or even possibly kill someone with the pencil. Our current policy is to deal with the student after they commit the crime, as far as stabbing with pencils go anyway, treating them as though they had used any other weapon. It is my belief that something can be done to prevent, or at least minimize the number of incidents involving the use of pencils as stealth weapons in our classrooms. Although we do not need to worry about lead poisoning from pencils, (pencil lead is really graphite), (From graphite to pencil, Ali Mitgutsch, 1985) when misused a pencil is a deadly weapon, one far worse than a pocketknife.One obvious alternative, which would thrill many teachers , would be to replace pens, pencils, paper, and the like with computer systems of one sort or another. Estimations relieve oneself been made that computer systems at the school could be provided for as little as $800 per student including Internet access and basic maintenance. (Computing Edge, John Beecham, 1997) This approach would withdraw many advantages, including the fact that our schools would be releasing children with at least a basic knowledge of how to operate a computer system, this in turn would play it much easier to learn to operate other, more complicated and more advanced systems, which would give our students needed job skills in todays information age.

Flowers For Algernon :: essays research papers

Flowers for Algernon     The main display cases of the story are Charlie, who is a mentally retarded person involved in a remarkable essay which increased his I.Q. Alice, a teacher at the Adult Basic Education Facility at Beekman College who taught Charlie how to read and write, the professors who operated on Charlie. Fay who appeared toward the depot of the book , and last but not least Algernon.     The novel is exciting and has an original idea. The moods That I felt in the story are ones of sorrow, anger, and guilt. In the story, Charlie, is the capable of an experiment which increases his intelligence. Charlie originally wants the operation to look intelligent and get friends. Unfortunately some of his hopes were not met. The main characters in the novel include Charlie, Alice, Algernon, and Fay, a character who did not make much of an appearance, but he thought that he played an important part in Charlie trying to sort out his past( a) and figure out his present and future plans.      Charlie is a mentally retarded person who has impressing people and gaining friends as one of his top priorities. He then hears of an experiment which could possibly make him smart. He makes himself a subject to this human experiment with the hopes of gaining knowledge in a sole purpose of gaining friends. As the book goes on, Charlie goes by dramatic changes mentally, and instead of making him gain friends he actually is looked on in the same way if not worse. For example, at Charlies old work his "friends" do fun of him and enjoyed his company just because Charlie had amused them. Yet after the operation, Charlie finds out that he had not made his friends like him more, but had pushed them away. Charlie understood now what his friends did to him in the past, and starts to look down upon them. Alice, Charlies teacher, is the person who gave Charlie to the idea to give the experiment a chance. She thi nks that Charlie has the determination and will power to make the experiment work. Then, later on in the book, she gets emotionally involved with Charlie and helps Charlie learn more about himself. Algernon, is a lab animal who also had the experiment done on him and as result makes him smarter than the medium mouse. Algernon plays a very important part in the novel because he foreshadows what will happen to Charlie later on in the book.

Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Glass Menagerie essay

Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Anyone can insure a crisis, but day-to-day living is the most trying smell of life (Jackson 19). This is especially true in the drama The Glass Menagerie. None of the characters in this tale is willing to or capable of living in the present. fooling life becomes so mindless and oppressive that each characters dreams and fantasies become more all-important(prenominal) than reality itself. Through their dreams, Amanda, Tom, Laura, and Jim attempt to transcend reality in hostelry to escape the monotony of life. Having lost her husband and being left alone to sneak her two children Tom and Laura, Amanda finds herself in a very undesirable bureau. This situation is only made worse through Amandas disappointment in her children, whom she considers lost. She believes her son to be unrealistic, as he is constantly dreaming about becoming a respected poet rather than committing to a steady job. As a result, Amanda is very broken and uncertain about her and her childrens future. Worse still, the fact that Laura is crippled, which she refuses to acknowledge however, worries her even more, til now as she tries to arrange everything for her lest she will live paralyzed in the threatening world. cognisant of the reality, she enrolls her in a secretarial course in the hope that she would become, if not successful in her career, at least independent in making ends meet. disappoint by Lauras inability to cope with the studies in the business school, Amanda cannot but desperately find her a reliable husband who can provide material and emotional... ...gni. The southern Gentlewoman. Modern Critical Interpretations Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie. ed. Harold Bloom. NY Chelsea House Publishers, 1988. Jackson, Esther Merle. The Broken World of Tennessee Williams. capital of Wisconsin University of Wisconsin Press, 1965. Levy, Eric P. Through Soundproof Glass The Prison of Self Consciousness in The Glass Menagerie. Moder n Drama, 36. celestial latitude 1993. 529-537. Parker, R.B., ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Glass Menagerie. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1983. Thompson, Judith J. Tennessee Williams Plays Memory, Myth, and Symbol. New York Peter Lang, 1989. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Masterpieces of the Drama. Ed. horse parsley W. Allison, Arthus J. Carr, Arthur M. Eastman. 5th ed. NY Macmillan, 1986. Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Glass Menagerie essayDreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Anyone can handle a crisis, but day-to-day living is the most trying aspect of life (Jackson 19). This is especially true in the drama The Glass Menagerie. None of the characters in this tale is willing to or capable of living in the present. Everyday life becomes so mindless and oppressive that each characters dreams and fantasies become more important than reality itself. Through their dreams, Amanda, Tom, Laura, and Jim attempt to transcend realit y in order to escape the monotony of life. Having lost her husband and being left alone to raise her two children Tom and Laura, Amanda finds herself in a very undesirable situation. This situation is only made worse through Amandas disappointment in her children, whom she considers lost. She believes her son to be unrealistic, as he is constantly dreaming about becoming a respected poet rather than committing to a steady job. As a result, Amanda is very confused and uncertain about her and her childrens future. Worse still, the fact that Laura is crippled, which she refuses to acknowledge however, worries her even more, insofar as she tries to arrange everything for her lest she will live paralyzed in the threatening world. Aware of the reality, she enrolls her in a secretarial course in the hope that she would become, if not successful in her career, at least independent in making ends meet. Disappointed by Lauras inability to cope with the studies in the business school, Amanda cannot but desperately find her a reliable husband who can provide material and emotional... ...gni. The Southern Gentlewoman. Modern Critical Interpretations Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie. ed. Harold Bloom. NY Chelsea House Publishers, 1988. Jackson, Esther Merle. The Broken World of Tennessee Williams. Madison University of Wisconsin Press, 1965. Levy, Eric P. Through Soundproof Glass The Prison of Self Consciousness in The Glass Menagerie. Modern Drama, 36. December 1993. 529-537. Parker, R.B., ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Glass Menagerie. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1983. Thompson, Judith J. Tennessee Williams Plays Memory, Myth, and Symbol. New York Peter Lang, 1989. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Masterpieces of the Drama. Ed. Alexander W. Allison, Arthus J. Carr, Arthur M. Eastman. 5th ed. NY Macmillan, 1986.

Machiavelli?s View Of Human Nature Essay example -- essays research pa

Machiavellis view of man nature.Machiavelli has long been required reading for every ane intrested in politics and power. In The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli presents a unique view on governing a state. Machiavelli believes the ruling Prince should be the only authority thatshould determine every aspect of the state and put in effect a form _or_ system of govern handst which would suffice his best(p) interests. These interestswere gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. (Machiavelli,5). His understanding of human nature was a fuck contradiction of what everyone believed and taught. Machiavelli strongly promoted a physical society and felt faith was not necessary but in fact stood in the way of an effectively governed principality. (Machiavelli,5). Although insome cases Machiavellis suggestions seem harsh and immoral one must(prenominal) remember that these views were derived from hisconcern for the welfare of his country.At Machiavellis time everyone believed tha t an individual had much to offer to the well being of the state, Machiavelliwas quick to mock human nature. He very believed that humans are not ready to serve their country unless there is a specialbenefit to them as individuals. Machiavelli further goes on to question the committal of the citizens and advises the Prince that mennever keep their word to you so you should never keep youre word to them. (Machiavelli,6). However, Machiavelli did notfeel that a Prince should mistreat the citizens. This suggestion is only to serve the Princes best interests.If a prince can not be both feared and loved, Machiavelli suggests, it would be better for him to be feared by the citizenswithin his own principality. He makes the generalization that men are, "ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers they shun dangerand greedy for profit.(Machiavelli, 54). He characterizes men as being self centered and not willing to act in the best interest ofthe state. When the ruler is in danger they tur n against him. Machiavelli reinforces the princes need to be feared by stating Men worry less about doing an injusry to one who makes himself loved than to one who makes himself feard. For love issecured by a bond of gratitude which men, wretched creatures that they are, break when it is to their advantage to do so butfear is strengthened by a reverence of punishement which is always effective.... ...w Italy beseeches God to send someone to save her from those barbarouscruelties and outrages see how eager and willing the country is tofollow a banner, if someone will try out it.18Although Italy had become the center of intellectual, artistic andcultural development, Machiavelli did not feel these qualities wouldhelp in securing Italys political future. His opinion was that Italyrequired a leader who could have complete control over Italys citizensand institutions. One way of maintaining control of was to institute asecular form of government. This would allow the prince to governw ithout being morally bound. Machiavellis view of human nature was notin accord to that of humanists who felt that an individual could greatlycontribute to the well being of the society. Machiavelli, however feltthat people generally tended to bring for their own best interests andgave little obligation to the well being of the state. Although Machiavelli doubted that this form of government could ever beestablished it did appear several years after he wrote The Prince. Machiavelli has become to be regarded as "the founder of modern day,secular politics."

Machiavelli?s View Of Human Nature Essay example -- essays research pa

Machiavellis view of human nature.Machiavelli has long been required reading for eitherone intrested in politics and power. In The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli presents a unique view on governing a state. Machiavelli believes the ruling Prince should be the only authority thatshould determine every aspect of the state and put in effect a policy which would serve his best interests. These interestswere gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. (Machiavelli,5). His understanding of human nature was a consummate contradiction of what everyone believed and taught. Machiavelli strongly promoted a physical society and feltmorality was not necessary but in fact stood in the way of an effectively governed principality. (Machiavelli,5). Although insome cases Machiavellis suggestions seem harsh and immoral one must remember that these views were derived from hisconcern for the welfare of his country.At Machiavellis time everyone believed that an individual had much to can to t he well macrocosm of the state, Machiavelliwas quick to mock human nature. He truly believed that humans are not ready to serve their country unless there is a specialbenefit to them as individuals. Machiavelli further goes on to question the loyalty of the citizens and advises the Prince that mennever keep their explicate to you so you should never keep youre word to them. (Machiavelli,6). However, Machiavelli did notfeel that a Prince should mistreat the citizens. This suggestion is only to serve the Princes best interests.If a prince can not be both feared and loved, Machiavelli suggests, it would be bust for him to be feared by the citizenswithin his own principality. He makes the generalization that men are, "ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers they shun dangerand greedy for profit.(Machiavelli, 54). He characterizes men as being self centered and not willing to act in the best interest ofthe state. When the ruler is in danger they turn against him. Machiavelli rein forces the princes need to be feared by stating Men worry less about doing an injusry to one who makes himself loved than to one who makes himself feard. For love issecured by a bond of gratitude which men, wretched creatures that they are, break when it is to their advantage to do so butfear is strengthened by a dread of punishement which is always effective.... ...w Italy beseeches God to send someone to save her from those barbarouscruelties and outrages see how dullard and willing the country is tofollow a banner, if someone will raise it.18Although Italy had become the center of intellectual, artistic andcultural development, Machiavelli did not feel these qualities wouldhelp in securing Italys political future. His opinion was that Italyrequired a leader who could have complete control over Italys citizensand institutions. One way of maintaining control of was to institute a profane form of regime. This would allow the prince to governwithout being morally bound. Machiavelli s view of human nature was notin accord to that of humanists who felt that an individual could greatly transmit to the well being of the society. Machiavelli, however feltthat people generally tended to work for their own best interests andgave little obligation to the well being of the state. Although Machiavelli doubted that this form of government could ever beestablished it did appear several years after he wrote The Prince. Machiavelli has become to be regarded as "the founder of modern day,secular politics."

Labour party Essay

To what extent is the tug party still committed to its original principles?The Labour party has often been referred to as a socialist party. However, this is misleading. For most of its life dating back to the eighteenth century, the Labour party has everlastingly had less radical ideologies than socialism and British socialism has always been more moderate than elsewhere in Europe.However, the Labour party abandoned a number of its previous principles in favour of invigorated ones, in aim to move to the centre ground and enable the party to compete with the Conservatives.It seems that this was ultimately, a successful strategy as it resulted in Labour winning three popular elections and beating the Conservatives. Some large number argon now of the opinion that the Conservatives pay off, in fact, moved closer to the centre-ground in order to compete with the New Labour party. in spite of appearance true socialism, there is the idea that the economy should be based upon produc tion for use everything produced is just enough to satisfy human need and demand. Socialism similarly works to reduce or remove hierarchy. The most radical form of Socialism has been Marxism. Marxists hold the desire to completely destroy capitalism and its political system. It has been give tongue to that Marxism is more like communism than socialism. Although Labour has never been revolutionary, it has always argued that its version of socialism can be achieved in a peaceful way, through parliamentary means.All but the more moderate socialists have viewed social house as a crucial aspect of society. Some socialists assume that the majority of people define their position in society in terms of their social class. This was referred to as class consciousness by Karl Marx and the idea is that people tend to commence common interests and purpose with fellow members of their class. For example, a number of people within the middle classes feel they need to protect private property interests, as tumesce as feeling the need to promote and protect business and to keep tax as low as reasonably as possible. The working classes, however, are more concerned with issues such as the welfare state, industrial relations, fair wages, good working conditions and policies that promote equality. In most cases, business classes oppose higher(prenominal) wages, mainly due to the fact this conflicts with the need to hasten profits and generate funds for further investment.Until about the 1930s, the British Labour party adopted this class position as the Labour has always been forced to consider interests of all the classes in British society, in all of its policies, not just those of the working class. To virtually extent, the reason for this is the need of electoral support the party has always needed. For a large part of the twentieth century, approximately one third of the British national voted conservative and this meant that, electoral reckoning determined, the Labo ur party could not win by gaining votes of the other two thirds of the working class alone.Collectivism refers to two main ideas the first being that people tend to prefer to achieve goals collectively as opposed to independently and secondly, action is more likely to be interpreted by people in organised groups than a sum of many different individual actions. Collectivism is the political principle of centralized social and economical control. One main example of collectivism practised by the British Labour party in the 1940s was the nationalisation of several large British industries. These industries included the railways, coal, steel, electricity and gas, as well as telecommunications. Nationalisation was a collectivist enterprise and its purpose was to, firstly, prevent the industrial muscle of private industries exploiting its workers, and secondly, ensuring the industries were delineate in the interests of the community rather than just the owner.After 1997, for the majori ty of the time, Labour followed the principles of the Third Way. Yet, today, many argue that it has gradually shifted towards a New respectable position that is, even further away from its original socialist values.The term new Labour tends to be used to describe the change in Labour party policies, ideas and goals that occurred as a result of the modernisation process. This was started in the late 1980s and was accelerated under Tony Blair, in opposition and in government. The differences between new Labour and old Labour tend to be defined by vital policy movements. This includes the abandonment of nationalisation and the recognition of the rolled back state, which was acquire from the conservatives.An emphasis on low inflation, for example, demonstrated the wider role. Since 1997, the Bank of England has started setting interest rates cuts in income tax and have started to refuse to return to the more shrewdly progressive income tax rates of the 1970s cuts in some benefits an d eagerness to push forward with market reforms of the welfare state. New Labour can to a fault be distinguished from old Labour in terms of a weaker association with the trade union movement and a reduced reliability on working class votes.During its early years, New Labour was a party very much dedicated to reforming and modernising, but it was not a fundamental one. It did not make any significant changes to the policies put forward but the Conservatives, however, it did seek to improve the way in which policy was executed and it has also attempted to make government action more susceptible to the needs of the disadvantaged and minorities in society. Its principle reforms, therefore, have been to the public services and to the welfare state. Over time, the party seems to have turned rapidly to consolidation rather than reform. New Labour tends to focus now on improving the delivery of the policies it has already implemented.

An internal locus of control Essay

An interior(a) locus of control is the belief that one(a)s fate is determined by ones own behavior. While the external locus of control is the belief that what happens is determined not by ones own actions but by powerful others, luck, and external forces (Kassin and Wrightsman 1988, 32). What this is saying is that the psychological process of defining the reasoning behind why someone is doing something is that there is either an internal or external locus of control that is determining the factors around the individual.According to the book on page 313 there ar clock when a judge can decide that a person who has a particular background, occupation or situation would not be a candid juror for a trial. This is be hunting expedition their internal locus of control could s carriage their conclusiveness making ability based on what they know and what they have utilized in their profession. In one instance that was described in the book there were two jurors that were kept out o f a trial based on their own internal locus of control. One of these jurors was a scientist while the other worked in credit management.Based on the case it was considered that these two potential jurors might not be able to look at the situation completely unbiased and therefore these two jurors were let go from the jury. This is one example on how an internal locus of control can collide with someone who is a potential juror (Greene, Heilbrun, Fortune, and Nietzel 2006). A way that the external locus of control can affect someone who is a juror is a bit different. What this means is that someone is being entranced by outside influences which would make them biased in some way to the decision making process.According to the book on page 303 there is a discussion about the interviewing that occurred in the O. J. Simpson trial when looking for jurors. The overwhelming evidence was that there was a prevalence for African American women to think that some forms of abuse were okay in relationships and this is an external influence to their general opinions of things. Therefore this influence could influence how the jurors felt about the abuse that O. J. s wife had suffered from and therefore they might have a bias (Greene, Heilbrun, Fortune, and Nietzel 2006).Provide an opinion on whether jurors be able to disregard inadmissible evidence using theories discussed in the text, why or why not? According to the book on pages 338-340 there are a number of ways that a juror can look into disregarding evidence that has been determined to be inadmissible. Whether or not this is really assertable is a different story. The text describes some different ways that the evidence can be disregarded. These include the reactance theory which is if instructed to disregard certain information the overall decision making ability of the juror could be compromised.Through this theory it is common that someone would use some type of thought suppression to ram the material from th eir thoughts. It is thought that even though this material has been marked as inadmissible that it could possibly still influence the jurys overall decision (Greene, Heilbrun, Fortune, and Nietzel 2006). In my opinion it could be possible for a juror to disregard inadmissible information however it would be very difficult and it might cause problems for the individual as well.It would be difficult to forget something that was mentioned if it was something that would strongly influence ones decision however if it was material that was not a abundant deal then it would not be promising that this would have much influence. In one study that was conducted jurors who were given proacquittal inadmissible information were less likely to convict than those who were given proconviction inadmissible information (Thompson, Fong, and Rosenhan 1981).

Organizational Responsibilities Essay

According to the American Medical Association (AMA) an impaired physician is unable to workout medicine with reasonable skill and safety due to mental illness, physical illness, including but not limited to deterioration through the aging process, or qualifying of motor skill or excessive use or abuse of drugs, including alcohol (API, 2011). The scenario presented for this assignment involves Dr. Smith a talented and skillful cardiac surgeon on staff at a local community hospital, who is currently engaged in a divorce. On multiple incidences, hospital staff members observed Dr. Smith to be intoxicated. On one of these occasions, a nurse observed him the night before he was scheduled to operate, inebriated, and notified her supervisor. On the morning of surgery, Dr. Smith called in sick. There is great concern on the part of the hospital administration that Dr. Smith may perform surgery in an impaired state, noting he late has made errors during surgery.A Health economic aid org anizations ultimate responsibility is to the patients it serves, and to make certain that physicians, either employed or privileged, are effective and functioning appropriately while providing quality patient care (Ohlsen, 2006). Under the doctrine of corporate negligence, the hospital is liable if it fails to uphold the proper standard of care owed the patient, which is to ensure the patients safety and well-being while at the hospital (Pozgar, 2010, p. 242). Hospitals hold certain nondelegable duties unrelated to the negligence an employee may commit. Two nondelegable duties allow in monitoring the quality of care rendered by the medical staff, and hiring and keeping competent physicians (Pozgar, 2010). Allowing Dr. Smith to operate with the knowledge that he has committed errors during the performance of continues

5 Hour Energy Marketing Analysis

Dissecting A Marketing Strategy 5 Hour Energy As he returned from a essential harvestings trade show, Manoj Bhargava wondered to himself, If Im tired, do I also lose a bun in the oven to be thirsty? As he contemplated this realization, he began to process it as a comparison of treatment of two a stomachache and a headache. Six months later he was place downing one of the most saturated markets in the country, with a revolutionary point of intersection and a merchandising plan that evolved from the placeholder name it still bears on the 3. 5 million units sold each year. -Hour Energy grossed northerly of $600 million last year and currently holds a 90% market share in the animation-shot business. Much of the smart sets success can be attributed to a stringent customer-focused marketing plan, intent on distinguishing themselves in a competitive market by sharply reacting to customer focus groups. In dissecting the marketing strategy of Living of the essence(p) LLCs 5-Hour E nergy, I will detail how the company was able to successfully orchestrate a market and position its product for sustained, long-run profitability. Market segmentation is described as dividing a market into distinct segments that shake resembling needfully or behaviors and behave in similar ways. Living Essentials Bhargava had a product he believed could compete in the rapidly expanding life force drink market. The focus like a shot shifted to identifying target groups of individuals that could be pulled away from the major players, such as Red Bull and Monster. With a goal to ambush the energy drink market with a customer-responsive product, Living Essential began laying out a $60 million question plan to identify a target market and develop a solid locating strategy.The team of statisticians and psychologists embarked on a 36 month, nationwide research quest, utilizing focus groups, behavioral data collection, survey research and cross-sectional market analysis. At the nucl eus of this effort was a belief that in a monopolistically competitive market, the product needed to differentiate itself by directly fulfilling customer demands. The most glaring resoluteness of the companys massive marketing research was that creating a profitable position in the energy drink market was moreover going to be possible by differentiating 5-Hour Energy from much larger conglomerate distributers.The product, in and of itself, possessed a points of parity laundry list when compared to other energy promoting loopy drinks. Research showed that consumers were virtually indifferent as to the flavor, content and end-results of popular brands. The data did, however, produce some(prenominal) key areas where the potential for product differentiation shown out alike(p) a beacon of light in a cavernous black hole. Living Essentials marketing team began swiftly developing a plan based on these very points of differentiation, which would slingshot the company into the market l eader in only three short months.Equipped with the knowledge about the target market they wanted to reach and the competitive advantage opportunities within the market, Living Essential began to refine its product. The marketing research results were at the forefront of product development. The finding was made that the company would non compete in refrigerated coolers with larger producers. One of the many customer complaints about energy drinks is that they need to consume or so 12 ounces of a highly caffeinated, sugary beverage in redact to get the jolt for which they were looking.From this data, 5-Hour Energys most important product sentiment was born two-ounce bottles. Living Essential founder Manaj Bhargava had unknowingly identify one of the products biggest points of differentiation nearly a year prior on his return evasion from the natural products conference Must you be thirsty, because youre tired? The answer from product focus groups was a resounding No Purchaser s of energy drinks simply wanted energy. They were not engrossed in the requisite consumption of needless sugar calories that would, ultimately, lead to a crash, once the body had expended the artificial energy.The 5-Hour Energy product was now developing, in an effort to fulfill customer demand. This was the first major evolution toward becoming a demand-marketed product. Simple observation of the advertising efforts of popular energy drinks will lead you to the target demographic that energy drink producers hope their product will attract. If you have ever seen ESPNs extreme sports competition, the X Games, the part odds are that you are a 13-17 year old boy.Even if you dont happen to fall into that category, it would be glaringly obvious that energy drinks have deemed this demographic as their primary consumer targets. Nearly every competitors outerwear is littered with red-winged patches and most are promptly provided with a post-competition energy drink, logotype facing outwa rds, at the conclusion of their extreme event. 5-Hour Energys marketing team consequently posed the question following their research results Are teens the only people in this world who are looking for extra energy? After all, it might be said that young boys have plenty of energy without caffeinated encouragement. Living Essential now had its second major point of differentiation on which to launch a marketing campaign. Seeking a niche that would employ access to the energy drink market, Living Essential positioned itself as a product focused on individuals who work long hours, maintain non-traditional schedules and hold alertness-critical positions. reverse to their competition, 5-Hour Energy attempted to appeal to demographics such as stay-at-home moms, doctors and professional athletes.Advertising efforts were geared toward weary professionals in contrast to BMX riding thrill-seekers. The underlying theory was that everyone needs energy. That being said, there was no room in t he market for yet some other energy drink. Living Essential could not bring forth another comparable product and compete with the brand recognition Red Bull and Monster already had in place. Using research data, Living Essential had identified the products differentiation advantages and the target market for optimizing sustained profitability in the energy drink market.The company, still directionally led by market research, now needed to determine at what price consumers would value their product. The conclusion that 5-Hour Energy could not effectively compete with large manufacturers was made, due mostly to the hail of sell space in refrigerated coolers. By making this concession however, it forced the upstart manufacturers to explore the retail spaces and the implicit nature of the product actually created a competitive advantage. The answer lay in the physical size of the product. Because 5-Hour Energy was not marketing itself as an energy beverage, it didnt eed to place the product in coolers next to Pepsi and Coca-Cola. Instead, the company made the decision to market 5-Hour Energy as a point-of-sale item. There was no need to have the bottles chilled, as consumers determined no additional value in temperature of only 2 ounces of consumable liquid. Next, they determined the size of the product gave them a pricing advantage as well. The cost of production for a 2-ounce product, as compared to the average 8-12 ounces of the competitors energy drinks, was far more cost effective.By reducing profit margins slightly, in order to sell 5-Hour Energy at a lower cost to consumer, they were able to increase the products value compared to competition. Living Essentials introduced the product in test markets at GNC stores in several geographic markets priced at two bottles for $5. After one week, the health food store reported that some of its stores had actually implemented wait-lists for the next shipments of 5-Hour Energy. The team at Living Essential realize d they had a unique product, untapped target market and price point, that had endless potential.Bound still by the inability to financially nourish a large mainstream distribution, the company hired small distributors to peddle the product to convenience stores, encouraging them to put it on the counter next to lighters and key chains. It did not take long for larger competitors to take notice of the success that 5-Hour Energy was enjoying. The tiny, upstart package had not only stolen market share from the big call in the energy drink market, it had created from this share an entirely different market. The term Energy Shot was born.Today, all the major manufacturers of energy drinks have scrambled to enter the energy shot market, but 5-Hour Energy has the only real brand-recognition. Living Essential spends a modest amount on advertising in order to maintain its leadership position, but continues with a no-frills approach. Like the name of the product, which was only meant as a p lace holder originally until a saleable name was conceived, 5-Hour Energy delivers an old fashioned Proctor & Gamble message Heres the product, Heres the features Heres the Benefits.It has been said, that one does not need to have invented rubber to sell tires. 5-Hour Energy did not create a market in energy promoting beverages. In fact, their recognition that they could not have survived in such a market, is the primary reason for their success. The progression of Living Essentials energy shot product reinforces the principles of marketing and the forces that good marketing can have on consumer behaviors. When the focus shifts from selling people your product, to producing the product they want, the odds of sustained profitability are exponentially increased. -Hour Energy utilized fundamentally sound research techniques to develop a marketing plan that emphasized the competitive advantage of the product. With continued attention to the static nature of their target market and demo graphic segmentations, the company can look forward to a long and prosperous future. After all, people will always be thirsty, and they will always be tired, however, both problems do not need to be remedied with one product.

Metabical Case Study Summary Essay

The Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP) is an international healthcargon company that had completed successful clinical trials for its newest weight passing prescription(prenominal) drug, Metabical. With the final FDA approval expected, Metabicals launch was set for January 2009 and a clear marketing communications strategy leaseed to be in place forwards the launch. With 10 years and $400 million spent on research and development, it was imperative that CSP positions Metabical correctly in the marketplace. Optimal segmentation, targeting, and positioning were important occurrenceors to consider in order to ensure that the launch as well as post-launch marketing of the drug yielded strong sales and product longevity.Key IssuesAnalyzing the market and segmentation, and identifying the needs of the customers. The optimum marketing campaign would guarantee a better-off position of Metabical after the information search and alternative valuation that customers may perform. Furth ermore, Metabical needs to be affordable and in force(p) as it will only be available as a prescription drug and, at least initially, the patients would be required to purchase it as an out of pocket expense.CustomersGeneral United Sates population struggling with excess weight (By 2000, 34% of the population was overweight, 25.8% classified as pear-shaped, and 4.7% was in the severely obese category) End consumer (the patient) Moderately overweight people with the BMI of 25-30 Men and women between the age 45-74Individuals with income between $40,000 and $80,000+ Health c be providers who would prescribe the medication as this is not a over-the-counter (OTC) drug Managed healthcare insurance companiesCustomer decision making processNeed Recognition and problem awarenessa. Overweight Consumers umpteen health and social stigmas are centered around excess weight. 35% of the respondents of the CSP sponsored market research are trying to lose weight and 15% of those are comfortable u sing drugs to reach ideal weight. The campaign must be focused in activating the latent needs of this segment (see Table 1, Annex). b. health care providers Health care providers are already aware of the benefits that a reduction in weight would play in their clients health. However, they are not successful in counseling them to establish long-term healthy diet habits and exercise routines.Information searcha.Overweight consumers Once the customer has recognized the information and the need then he/she can research through personal sources such as family, friends, testimonials, advertising, promotions, and sales persons or contact the expert healthcare providers. b.Healthcare providers Healthcare providers view information reading through medical journals, attending conferences, and speaking with science and medical sales representatives and other experts.Evaluation of Alternativesa.Overweight consumersAn alternative for Metabical would be a plethora of OTC solutions such as All i, the only FDA approved OTC drug, and a dietary supplement ephedra. These alternatives, however, are associated with various and serious negative side effects. The fact that Metabical is the only weight loss product that requires prescription may be a point in its favor, as a sign of safety and effectiveness. Metabical is as well as only required to be taken once a day.b.Healthcare providersThe vast majority of alternatives for Metabical either have a negative effect or are not regulated by the FDA. Metabical represents a safer choice, in legal terms, to recommend its use. As the only FDA approved drug, Metabical can stimulate substantial weight loss in customers and provides a comprehensive support and long-term weight maintenance program that enhances the success of the drug.

Greatest Gift You Can Give Essay

As I sat and observed the ticking clock, as I saw all the same another day come to an end entirely like the ones before it had, I understood how precious clock is. Here are a checkmate reasons why I think that Ive always believed that the greatest gift we great deal share with those we love is time. There are some things money just cannot buy, and in the long run our memories are far more valuable than any material goods we receive.Theres a reason why I always believed that the greatest gift we can share with those we love is time because memories redeem sentimental value that lasts you a lifetime. Having a Lamborghini and enjoying it one your own is plainly half as rewarding as having someone enjoy it with you. Sharing time with your loved ones, on the other hand, creates lasting memories that will always observe you. After all, it is all about quality, not the quantity of the time with spend with others.Theres a reason people say money cant buy happiness or money just canno t buy everything. Time is the greatest gift to give out because you can always conciliate more money, but the people you care about wont be around forever. Therefore, it is important to make the time for your loved ones. Once a person starts working full-time you can lose yourself in your job and begin living to work instead of working to live. This might result in you becoming rich but you miss out on the time you couldve spent with the people you truly care about.To prevent this from happening it is crucial to have a balance between work and family life. To be truly happy and to have a fulfilling life you must pay close attention to time you spend accumulating material things and how much you spend with family and friends. The greatest gift you can give someone is your time because when you are braggy someone your time, you are giving them a portion of your life that you will never get back. Anonymous

Moral Development

The elementary years can be considered as a crucial point when it comes to the character formation of a person. This is where he faces new things knowledge and information that could greatly affect his life in the future. This is the time in the claws life where he or she develops a concept about whats good or bad. Because of this, adult intervention is necessary parents as salubrious as teachers should do their best in supervising every step of maturement their children undergoes.In Kohlbergs scheme, the time when children enter elementary school is his act in three broad trains of moral development (Boeree, 2003). This is the conventional morality level, wherein the definition of right and wrong would usually depend on what the people would speculate (Colman, 2001). This part is what requires most adult attention, since they are the ones the children look up to, being the basis of what they would follow in the future. This wooden leg is further divided into two sub-stages. The starting signal stage is the good boy/good girl stage, wherein children try to live up to what separates expect them to be, as well as seek their approval in everything they do. It is important for adults to show them the right things because everything they do becomes a basis of the childrens actions. Another sub-stage is the law and order stage, where children now takes a perspective that involves the fond body as well, taking into consideration the rules and laws of the society they are living in, as well as the authorities they have to follow.At these elementary years, we can cry the teaching of moral development in schools by devising or structuring out what should be taught to these children (Nucci, 2002). At this stage, they should be already provided with the basic laws and regulations that they should follow as a good citizen. These could start by introducing the school laws and regulations and relating it to the laws of the society. Another concern also would be a bout their teacher. These childrens teacher should be a stupefy they could look up to as a person, so that their concept of conventional morality would depend on what their teachers show them.ReferencesBoeree, C. G. (2003). lesson Development. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/genpsymoraldev.htmlColman, A. M. (2001). Conventional Morality. In A Dictionary of Psychology Oxford University Press.Nucci, L. (2002). Moral Development and Moral Education An Overview. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http//tigger.uic.edu/lnucci/MoralEd/overview.htmlMoral developmentAccording to the Social Learning Theory, our moral behavior is shaped by the reinforcement and punishment stimuli through the process of learning. It means that if a child was punished in the past for a certain behavior and is faced with much(prenominal) a situation again, he/she will avoid this behavior. As a social being, a person lives within a group or a club and tends to perform actions a nd behave in a manner conducive to community approval. The greatest reprehension of this theory is that it does not provide a proper overall personality assessment. It focuses more on the factors perceived as negative by the learner it does not account for what may be considered positive. (Social Learning Theory)According to Kohlbergs theory of moral development, there are sixer identifiable stages of moral development which could be classified into three levels. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development) The pre-conventional level. In stage 1, people behave according to socially unimpeachable norms because they are told to do so by some authority introduce. This obedience is compelled by the threat or application of punishment. Stage 2 is characterized by a view that right behavior means acting in ones own best interests. (Barger, Robert N. ASummary Of Lawrence Kohlbergs Stages Of Moral Development) The conventional level. In stage 3 individuals seek approval from other people. Stage 4 is oriented to abiding by the law and responding to the obligations of concern. (Barger, Robert N. A) The post-conventional level. Stage 5 is an understanding of social mutuality and a honest-to-goodness interest in the welfare of others. Stage 6 is based on value for universal principles and the demands of individual conscience. (Barger, Robert N. A) It appears that people rarely reach stage 6 of this model and Kohlberg had difficulty finding participants who use it. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development)One criticism of Kohlbergs theory is that it emphasizes justice to the exclusion of other values and may not adequately address the arguments of people who value other moral aspects of actions. warble Gilligan has argued that the theory is male-centric and did not adequately describe the concerns of women. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development) Kohlberg claimed hissix stages are cultural-universal. Simpson (1974) argues that Kohlbergs interview employs analytic and th eoretical modes of thought and language such as justice, equality and reciprocity at a high level of abstraction which are not valued by many cultures. According to Bergling (1981), Kohlbergs stages 1 4 are empirically supported in westerly industrialized countries but findings from the Bahamas and British Honduras fail to support even a stage 4. (Ma, King Keung Problems In The Cross-Cultural Study Of Moral discretion Development)BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Barger, Robert N. A Summary Of Lawrence Kohlbergs Stages Of Moral Development,(August, 23 2005)2. Kohlbergs stages of moral development,http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlbergs_stages_of_moral_development (August, 23 2005)3. Ma, King Keung Problems In The Cross-Cultural Study Of Moral Judgment Development,http//66.249.93.104/ try?q=cacheLAHMEA0UqdAJsunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/33/3300251.pdf+weak+points+in+Kohlberg%60s+moral+development+theory+&hl=uk(August, 23 2005)4. Social Learning Theory, http//www.termpapergenie.com/SocialLearningTheory. html (August,24 2005)Moral developmentAccording to the Social Learning Theory, our moral behavior is shaped by the reinforcement and punishment stimuli through the process of learning. It means that if a child was punished in the past for a certain behavior and is faced with such a situation again, he/she will avoid this behavior. As a social being, a person lives within a group or a community and tends to perform actions and behave in a manner conducive to community approval. The greatest criticism of this theory is that it does not provide a proper overall personality assessment. It focuses more on the factors perceived as negative by the learner it does not account for what may be considered positive. (Social Learning Theory)According to Kohlbergs theory of moral development, there are six identifiable stages of moral development which could be classified into three levels. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development) The pre-conventional level. In stage 1, people behave according to socially acceptable norms because they are told to do so by some authority figure. This obedience is compelled by the threat or application of punishment. Stage 2 is characterized by a view that right behavior means acting in ones own best interests. (Barger, Robert N. ASummary Of Lawrence Kohlbergs Stages Of Moral Development) The conventional level. In stage 3 individuals seek approval from other people. Stage 4 is oriented to abiding by the law and responding to the obligations of duty. (Barger, Robert N. A) The post-conventional level. Stage 5 is an understanding of social mutuality and a genuine interest in the welfare of others. Stage 6 is based on respect for universal principles and the demands of individual conscience. (Barger, Robert N. A) It appears that people rarely reach stage 6 of this model and Kohlberg had difficulty finding participants who use it. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development)One criticism of Kohlbergs theory is that it emphasizes justice to the exclusi on of other values and may not adequately address the arguments of people who value other moral aspects of actions. Carol Gilligan has argued that the theory is male-centric and did not adequately describe the concerns of women. (Kohlbergs stages of moral development) Kohlberg claimed hissix stages are cultural-universal. Simpson (1974) argues that Kohlbergs interview employs analytic and theoretical modes of thought and language such as justice, equality and reciprocity at a high level of abstraction which are not valued by many cultures. According to Bergling (1981), Kohlbergs stages 1 4 are empirically supported in western industrialized countries but findings from the Bahamas and British Honduras fail to support even a stage 4. (Ma, King Keung Problems In The Cross-Cultural Study Of Moral Judgment Development)BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Barger, Robert N. A Summary Of Lawrence Kohlbergs Stages Of Moral Development,(August, 23 2005)2. Kohlbergs stages of moral development,http//en.wikipedia.o rg/wiki/Kohlbergs_stages_of_moral_development (August, 23 2005)3. Ma, King Keung Problems In The Cross-Cultural Study Of Moral Judgment Development,http//66.249.93.104/search?q=cacheLAHMEA0UqdAJsunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/33/3300251.pdf+weak+points+in+Kohlberg%60s+moral+development+theory+&hl=uk(August, 23 2005)4. Social Learning Theory, http//www.termpapergenie.com/SocialLearningTheory.html (August,24 2005)

Airasia Weakness

Strength and weakness of AirAsia strength weakness Low cost operations. Service resource is special by sm completelyer costs. Fewer centering levels, effective, focused and aggressive Government interference and regulation on airport deals and management. rider compensation. Simple prove business model that consistently delivers that lowest fares. Everybody Can wing was the famous tagline of AirAsia, AirAsia was able to fulfil their tagline AirAsia implement the low cost operations into their management. The operating fees were as low at the minimum wage. Low airport fees, for example at Kota Kinabalu International airport most wad can see that the technology or systems that was being use by AirAsia was totally different correspond to MAs. otherwise than that, AirAsia in like manner using precisely one type of Airplane for every flight this is because AirAsia will only need the same engineers for every airplane in order to save the cost. In the management level, all the staff of AirAsia was the contributors where in that location are no ranks or hierarchy in the company where the upper management and their staff will be in the same room. However, all the staff was concern and focused to their guest needs such as offering the lower fares during festive season.AirAsia business model was also proven that they was able to offer the lowest fares, where in every year AirAsia was hold the highest ranking of quest from the customers, and to each one year also AirAsia was gain profit. Other than that, most of the sales of AirAsia were from online, online ticketing was introduced by AirAsia. AirAsia offered a simple product. The fares were not include the meals and if the customers request a meal then additional fee will be charge. Other than that, Airasia also does not offered a VIP seat.However, due to the lowest cost of operating by AirAsia the profit resources is limited. Limited aircraft causes AirAsia was cannot prepare of standby aircraft if there is any problem in the operation. Due to the limited count of human resources it causes AirAsia could not handle irregular situation such as when there is high demand from customer they cannot fulfil each demand because there is no enough of workers, it causes some of the customer go to another airlines. Another weakness that AirAsia face is, brass interference and regulation on airport deals and passenger compensation.If government announce that any flight from Malaysia to country that was having crisis, will affect AirAsia and any flight muniment will be delay until there is an announcement again from government. It is compulsory for each airlines to follow the government order. Other that, AirAsia also must follow each regulations that was been set up by the government and if there is any changes of the regulation AirAsia must changes they operation accordingly to the new regulation on the airport. AirAsia also was also must deal with the passenger compensation if there is any delay of flight and it will causes the passenger/customer facing loss.

Cricket Essay

explanation of playEarly play was at some time or another described as a club striking a ball. The ancient games of club-ball, stool-ball, trap-ball, stob-ball. Cricket can definitely be traced back to Tudor times in early 16th-century England. Written evidence exists of a game know as creag being played by Prince Edward, the son of Edward I (Longshanks), at Newenden, Kent in 1301 and thither has been speculation, nevertheless if no evidence, that this was a ricochet of play. Many other contrives have been suggested as happen upons for the consideration play. In the earlier real reference to the sport in 1598, it is called creckett. Given the strong darkened trade connections between south-east England and the County of Flanders when the latter be unyieldinged to the Duchy of Burgundy, the name may have begun from the Middle Dutch kricke, meaning a stick or the Old English cricc or cryce meaning a crutch or staff. In Old French, the word criquet seems to have meant a kin d of club or stick.In Samuel Johnsons Dictionary, he derived cricket from cryce, Saxon, a stick. Another possible source is the Middle Dutch word krickstoel, meaning a long low stool used for kneeling in church and which resembled the long low wicket with two stumps used in early cricket. According to Heiner Gillmeister, a Eu capturean spoken communication expert of Bonn University, cricket derives from the Middle Dutch phrase for hockey, met de krik ket sen with the stick chase. Dr. Gillmeister believes that not only the name but the sport is of origin. During the 17th century, numerous references indicate the growth of cricket in the south-east of England. By the end of the century, it had stimulate an organized activity being played for high stakes and it is believed that the first professionals appe ard in the years following the Restoration in 1660.A newspaper report survives of a great cricket match with eleven players a side that was played for high stakes in Sussex in 1697 and this is the earliest known reference to a cricket match of such importance. The game went through major development in the 18th century and became the national sport of England. Betting played a major give away in that development with richpatrons forming their own select XIs. Cricket was popular in London as early as 1707 and large crowds flocked to matches on the Artillery Ground in Finsbury. The single wicket form of the sport attracted huge crowds and wagers to match. Bowling became popular around 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball instead of rolling or skimming it towards the slashsman. This caused a revolution in bat design because, to deal with the bouncing ball, it was necessary to allege the modern straight bat in place of the old hockey stick shape.The Hambledon Club was founded in the 1760s and, for the next 20 years until the formation of MCC and the opening of Lords Old Ground in 1787, Hambledon was both the games greatest club and its focal point. MCC q uickly became the sports post-mortem club and the custodian of the Laws of Cricket. New Laws introduced in the latter part of the 18th century included the trine stump wicket and leg before wicket. The 19th century saw underarm bowling replaced by first roundarm and then overarm bowling. Both developments were controversial. Organization of the game at county level led to the unveiling of the county clubs, starting with Sussex CCC in 1839, which ultimately formed the official County Championship in 1890.Meanwhile, the British pudding st star had been instrumental in spreading the game overseas and by the middle of the 19th century it had become well established in India, North America, the Caribbean, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In 1844, the first international cricket match took place between the United States and Canada, although n either has ever been ranked as a Test-playing nation. Cricket entered a new era in 1963 when English counties introduced the limited ov ers variant. As it was sure to produce a result, limited overs cricket was lucrative and the number of matches increased. The first Limited Overs International was played in 1971. The disposal International Cricket Council (ICC) saw its potential and staged the first limited overs Cricket World cup in 1975. In the 21st century, a new limited overs form, Twenty20, has make an immediate impact.Equipment and Changes over successionBall- A red or white ball with a cork base, wrapped in thread covered with leather. The ball should have a circumference of 23 cm (9.1 inches) unless it is a childrens size. Bat- A wooden bat is used. The wood used is from the Kashmir or English willow tree. The bat cannot be to a greater extent than 38 inches (96.5 cm) long and 4.25 inches (10.8 cm) wide. Aluminium bats are not allowed. The bat has a long overcompensate and one side has a smooth face. Stumps- 3 wooden poles known as the stumps.Bails- Two crosspieces are known as the bails.Sight screen- A screen placed at the boundary known as the sight screen. This is aligned exactly parallel to the width of the pitch and behind both pairs of wickets. Boundary- A rope demarcating the perimeter of the field known as the boundary. History of the Cricket Bat-(The only known piece of equipment that has changed, has only been the bat.) 1624 This is the first time that we have any mention of a cricket bat. An inquest was carried out after a fielder was killed. The batsman had tried to prevent him from catching the ball, and had presumably whacked him on the head in the process Originally bowlers used to bowl the ball underarm. The cricket bat was therefore shaped truly much like a hockey stick. 1770s The laws were changed to allow length bowling, which was compose performed underarm. The cricket bat became roughly parallel with a maximum width of 4.25. This is still the same today.They were extremely heavy, with the dandy at the bottom. 1820s Round arm bowling was allowed, instiga ting more bounce so the cricket bat became lighter with a higher swell. 1830s Until this period all cricket bats were one piece willow. However, because of increased breakages and shock as the ball travelled faster, cricket bat makers started to splice handles into bats. Handles were either solid willow or ash. 1835 The length of a cricket batwas restricted to 38, which is still the same today. 1840 The first recorded use of a spring being inserted into the handles of the cricket bat. These were initially baleen (as used in ladies corsets) and some years later India rubber. 1853 Thomas Nixon, a Notts cricketer, introduced the use of cane in handle making in cricket bats. 1864 The laws were altered to allow over- arm bowling so there was a further lightening and more refined shaping of the blade. Handles became intricate constructions and were nearly all made of cane with Indian rubber grips. 1870s The shape of todays cricket bat evolves.

How to meet the learning needs of mixed age groups in the home-based setting Essay

One of the whoppinggest advantages of mixed age groups is that they make us really analyse the individual needs, interests, and temperaments of apiece child in the group. We give the sack then plan and provide for the next steps in discipline, by getting to know our group of children very well, and making careful observations on them, as individuals, what they do and how they interact with others. This knowledge bottomland then be mapped to the EYFS Practice Guidance over the six areas of Learning and victimization and implementd to devise individual learning plans by assessing activities, opportunities and experiences based on their individual development, interests and needs.Careful supplying and organisation are critical factors in meeting the learning needs of different age groups. all(prenominal) play area, including outside, must provide the maximum of learning opportunities for all ages in your care, victimisation barriers e.g. gates and big cushions only where neede d for safety so that infants and toddlers feel included whenever possible.A good idea is to go through the star sign looking at the room from the childs level. What would the baby see first, what would the toddler or pre-schooler see first? What appeals to the school-age child? You can create small play areas for special activities, e.g. using a sturdy playpen or hallway as an office for older children when they want to colour, do a puzzle, play a board game or do something without care from toddlers. The little ones can then watch without interfering with the activity.A range of open-ended multiple-use resources should be used, that can be contend with in different ways according to stage, such as balls and bricks and Lego. Toys that are safe for children of all ages can be kept on low shelves easily accessible, e.g. blocks, board books, vestureing-up clothes,dolls, stuffed animals, materials to play house, and a collection of heuristic program play items (plastic containers, measuring spoons, funnels, etc.), which should be changed round frequently.It is possible to use the same activity to support the learning of mixed age groups, with modifications. This is differentiating the curriculum, by extending or adapting the original play into more specific areas of learning, as per the aims and targets apparel for each child. For example, younger children can handle gloopy paint to explore colour and texture, while older children use the same paint materials to express their feelings and ideas. Each child does the bit of the activity that he is ready and piercing to do.If one child in the group is using a schema e.g. Enveloping, this can be used as the basis of a plan for the whole group e.g. to make a den, dress up or wrap up some presents. It is important to set up these activities for shared learning, as children develop complaisantly when they have opportunities to observe and play with those who bequeath play differently due to world older or youn ger. Being at different stages of their learning journey should mean that all will be able to share other viewpoints and richer experiences. This will help them be co-operative, and for the group to gel. necrotizing enterocolitis 733.000 08/516573 Ruth DickersonThe older members of the group can help to meet the younger ones learning needs, e.g. by communicating pulling faces with babies, reading to preschoolers, putting on a play or a puppet show, or teaching a board game. They do often enjoy being valued for their input, but their help should be volunteered, not relied on, and they should have lots of opportunities away from the babies, since being your assistant can be a way for older children to avoid their own age group, and a way to escape peer conflicts. unknowing opportunities are also very useful as they can often spark off the phase of conversations and reminiscences about other experiences, and sharing of ideas, that just wouldnt have happened unless that event had occur red.They encourage communication and social skills which the smaller ones can pick up on and everyone can share. We can also help children to conceive of about ways to include each other in their play, e.g. if the older children are playing house you could ask As you are the daddy, could you read Tom and me a book?(710)

Management Info Systems Midterm

Jacqueline Soto Midterm cultivation Systems I 1) A 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) A 6) C 7) D 8) C 9) C 10) C 11) B 12) D 13) D 14) B 15) A 16) A 17) C 18) D 19) A 20) D 21) B 22) C 23) B 24) B 25) A Essay Questions 26. You work for an auto producer and distributor. How could you use information systems to achieve greater customer intimacy? You could create a website that allows customers to built their simple machine to their satisfaction.You could also implement a forum where customers could communicate with other customers about any questions or concerns they may have and also talk to support personnel. You could also create an automated system that reminds customers about schedule maintenance routines and such. 31. What do you consider to be the primary ethical, social, and political issues regarding information system quality? Privacy, Accuracy, station & Accessibility. 32. How do you think our government should handle the political issue of network decency and access limitations?In my opinion, the Internet is federal agency too extensive to try and manage or regulate. There are always pass to be ways to share copyright information and breach access limitations. The Internet has definitely gotten way out of hand when it comes to music videos, music, software, ect. I think they should just stop trying to limit the users because they leave behind find one way or a nonher to share new material. 33. What are the functions of management? concisely ExplainFunctions of management are to make decisions and to formulate actions plans to solve organizational problems. They also have to make authoritative the company is efficient. 34. What is the difference between a risk and an issue? A risk is a upcoming event that may have an impact on budget, scope, and schedule. An issue is a current problem that is not a risk because it has already happened and has influenced the budget, scope, and schedule. Bonus Question What are the keys to managerial effectiveness and how do es IT support them? fall an example of each. Efficiency Doing the right things. IT supports by automating routine tasks. (Scheduling a backup of exchange on the host every Monday at 600pm) Effectiveness Doing the right things right. IT helps managers identify opportunities. (Make sure the backup ran properly and streak to see if the backup is complete) Transformation Using IT to change the way you do business. Transforming the product or assistant being delivered. (You can do the testing remotely by using rdp)

Nutritional Needs over a Life Span Essay

As we grow older, our nutritional needs begin to change. Not only do they change throughout different stages of life, but they also vary depending on whether you are male or female. The following are nutrient requirements for the lifespan of both men and womenInfantsInfants of both sexesleave the mothers womb and live on their mothers breast milk for the first four to six months of their life. If breastfeeding is not possible, then the infant should be formula fed.This provides all the necessary nutrients to sustain good health during this term frame. From age six to 12 months, infants can begin eating solid foods such as rice, oatmeal, bonkers fruits, cooked veggies and meats. After they are a year old, they can graduate to eating larger, raw fruits, ve get under ones skinables and lean meats.TeenagersTeens rescue to keep a well balanced diet because they are growing during these years. They also have to be able to concentrate in school and get adequate nutrition to help them pl ay sports, as well. They need sufficient urge on in their diet teenage girls usually do not get enough of this. Protein, calcium and Vitamin D are particularly weighty during a teenagers return spurt. This includes fish, chicken breast, skim milk, cheese and low fat yogurts. Boys usually need more(prenominal) calories than girls because they have more muscle mass and tend to grow taller. Another facet of teenage life, particularly for women is the pressure to halt thin. They are more likely to suffer from eating disorders and inadequate nutrition, than males.Read moreEssay on Nutritional RequirementsAdultsAdult men and women have different nutritional needs based on their military control and activity level. Those who have sedentary jobs, can get away with eating a 1500-1800 calorie a day diet, without weight gain. However, those who work in field such as construction, cleaning, fitness instruction, etc..require a greater calorie intake of at least 2000-3000 calories daily. Wo men of child bearing age, must eat plenty of iron rich foods like cooked fish and poultry products, as well as spinach and other pinnate-leaved green vegetables. Just before and during pregnancy, women have to pay close attention to the diet, as this can profess the health of the baby. Along with obtaining nutrients from all of the major food groups, she may take folic acid supplements to aid in proper development of the childs spinal cord. They should also avoid raw foods that may represent poisonous bacteria, like fish, eggs and soft cheeses.Older AdultsOlder adults are not as physically active as younger adults, so their calorie needs are reduced. Calcium is very important to maintain strong bones. Women are particularly susceptible to developing osteoporosis later in life, so they should development their calcium intake Fiber rich foods such as multigrain breads and slow cooked oatmeal aid in the digestion of older adults. A variety of B-vitamins plus protein help maintain a healthy central skittish system and protects body tissues from damage.

Accounting II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Accounting II - canvas ExampleDue to the intense global competition incidentors other than price have become to a greater extent important over the years. In order to retain node companies have to provide excellent customer service and good product variety. If an important client requests a customized service or product and the corporation has the capabilities to comply, the firm must accommodate the customer to achieve customer retention. The stakeholders of corporations care more about the way of businesses. Corporate social responsibility has become a key strategic focus that is necessary to purify customer retention. At end of the 1990s Nike Corporation lost a lot of clients due to the fact that they were involved in a sweetshop scheme oversees. Bad publicity and irresponsible acts such as the particular at Nike a decade ago are the types of incidents that can destroy the brand value of an enterprise. other way to increase customer retention is to design products and serv ices that provide greater value at a competitive price

Langston Hughes vs. Tupac Shakur Research Paper

Langston Hughes vs. Tupac Shakur - Research Paper ExampleThis research will come out with the statement that the struggle of the Afro Americans even after their Emancipation from slavery has been the theme of many works of literature. The struggles of nigrifys overly affected the family relations. Langston Hughes verse form Mother to Son essentially illustrates a mothers sermon to her tidings who is probably in his growing years. She teaches him by giving examples from her life. The poem belongs to the Harlem Renaissance period which celebrated the finis of the Afro Americans who came up to cultivate their talents in art and literature. Hughes poems are normally characterized by a strong black racial consciousness and folk aestheticreflect a black perspective and point of forecast. The poem highlights the essence of this period, using the black vernacular where the mother encourages her son to move forward and non to look back in life just as the black heritage was moving for ward. The poem, at that placefore, depicts a certain awakening and motivation. This inspirational piece addresses the struggles of blacks. She begins by saying that life was not very motiveless for her Life for me aint been no crystal stair. There were hazards which brought about pain in her life and here the poet uses figurative language to compare hazards with tacks and splinters. She says there was no carpet on the floor Bare which depicts that she had no shelter or place to rest and this signifies isolation. Yet, she says that life moved on as time passed by. She came across landins and turnin corners... Here she says that scorn all odds she has managed to reach virtually of her goals (landins) and she tried to live differently with time or put her hands on new things (turning corners). She says that there was darkness where she traveled and there has been no light. Perhaps she means traveling alone or in a foreign land and her difficulty also brings out her courage and fa ith for a break future. She advises her son not to set down on the steps while climbing the stairs of life. She says that despite the difficulties, he should not fall because she is still going on with her life and it is still not a crystal stair. A mother shares her experience with her son such that he later gains whatsoever motivation from the same and this might help him move forward in life. She is aware that being a black boy he will also be facing troubles like herself, further he needs to keep his faith and courage to face the troubles and meet his goals. This is a one-sided sermon and no proper interaction has been shown between the two characters. The sons presence is silent. So one would not actually know what the reaction of the son is and if he feels motivated and inspired. The song Dear Mama is essentially a tribute from a son to his mother and is the autobiography of a son written in appreciation of his mama it is a thank-you to Afeni for her hard work as a single mother. This poem also shows the struggles of the blacks and in essence the woman. He did not have his father by his side but his mother who was treated badly by her husband did not leave her children alone despite the position that the son finally could not make her proud.